Search results for "kinetic energy"
showing 10 items of 400 documents
On the blue phase structure of hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals via 19F NMR
2018
Abstract 19 F NMR spectra are simulated for blue phase I of FPHG( St 1.5 ∗ Ap 1.5 ) based on a model of a double-twisted substructure inside cylinders that form a body-centred cubic lattice. A kinetic matrix is included to describe jump processes over quarter pitch lengths. Though the lines in the NMR spectra are broad and featureless, changes in the widths and positions with temperature are well described by the blue phase model structure. The spectra in the chiral nematic N∗ phase are also simulated. Dynamics in the BP I are found to be slower than in the N∗ phase.
Improving the kinetic couplings in lattice nonrelativistic QCD
2019
We improve the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) action by comparing the dispersion relation to that of the continuum through $\mathcal{O}(p^6)$ in perturbation theory. The one-loop matching coefficients of the $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$ kinetic operators are determined, as well as the scale at which to evaluate $\alpha_s$ in the $V$-scheme for each quantity. We utilise automated lattice perturbation theory using twisted boundary conditions as an infrared regulator. The one-loop radiative corrections to the mass renormalisation, zero-point energy and overall energy-shift of an NRQCD $b$-quark are also found. We also explore how a Fat$3$-smeared NRQCD action and changes of the stability parameter $n$ aff…
Low-energy fission investigated in reactions of 750 AMeV 238U-ions with Pb and Be targets
1996
Charge distributions of fragments from low energy nuclear fission are investigated in reactions of highly fissile238U projectiles at relativistic energies (750 A·MeV) with a heavy (Pb) and a light (Be) target. The fully stripped fission fragments are separated by the Fragment Separator (FRS). Their high kinetic energies in the laboratory system allow the identification of all atomic numbers by using Multiple-Sampling Ionization Chambers (MUSIC). The elemental distributions of fragments observed at larger magnetic rigidities than the238U projectiles show asymmetric break-up and odd-even effects. They indicate a low energy fission process, induced mainly by dissociation in the electro-magneti…
State-to-state vibrational and rotational energy transfer in CO2 gas from time-resolved raman-infrared double resonance experiments
1998
A time-resolved Raman–infrared double resonance technique was used to study collisional relaxation rates of vibrational and rotational energy levels in CO2 gas at 295 K. A pulsed Raman excitation populated a selected rovibrational initial state. Measurements of the rates of transfer from the pumped initial state into specific final states were carried out using time-resolved laser absorption spectroscopy. First, the transfer rates were determined for the five lower vibrational energy levels. In particular, it was confirmed that the rate of transfer between the two Fermi levels (1000) and (0200) is very small [(5.3±0.2)×104 Torr-1 s-1]. The rotational structure inside the (0200) vibrational …
Search for heavy neutrinos in \(\pi ^{ + } \to \mu ^{ + }\nu \) decay and status of lepton universality test in the PIENU experiment
2019
International audience; In the present work of the PIENU experiment, heavy neutrinos were sought in pion decays \(\pi ^{ + } \to \mu ^{ + }\nu \). No evidence for extra peak was found in the muon kinetic energy spectrum and 90% confidence level upper limits were set on the neutrino mixing matrix \(|U_{\mu i}|^{2}\) in the mass range of 15.7 to 33.8 MeV/c^2, improving an order of magnitude over previous experiments. Current status of lepton universality test is also reported.
K-ϵ-L model in turbulent superfluid helium
2020
Abstract We generalize the K − ϵ model of classical turbulence to superfluid helium. In a classical viscous fluid the phenomenological eddy viscosity characterizing the effects of turbulence depends on the turbulent kinetic energy K and the dissipation function ϵ , which are mainly related to the fluctuations of the velocity field and of its gradient. In superfluid helium, instead, we consider the necessary coefficients for describing the effects of classical and quantum turbulence, involving fluctuations of the velocity, the heat flux, and the vortex line density of the quantized vortex lines. By splitting the several fields into a time-average part and a fluctuating part, some expressions…
CONDENSATE FRACTION IN THE DYNAMIC STRUCTURE FUNCTION OF BOSE FLUIDS
2007
We present results on the behavior of the dynamic structure function in the short wave length limit using the equation of motion method. The one-body continuity equation defines the self-energy, which becomes a functional of the fluctuating two-body correlation function. We evaluate the self-energy in this limit and show that sum rules up to the second moment, which requires the self-energy in the short wave length limit and zero frequency to be proportional to the kinetic energy per particle, are exactly satisfied. We compare our results with the impulse approximation and calculate the condensate fraction. An analytic expression for the momentum distribution is also derived.
From kinetic to collective behavior in thermal transport on semiconductors and semiconductor nanostructures
2013
We present a model which deepens into the role that normal scattering has on the thermal conductivity in semiconductor bulk, micro and nanoscale samples. Thermal conductivity as a function of the temperature undergoes a smooth transition from a kinetic to a collective regime that depends on the importance of normal scattering events. We demonstrate that in this transition, the key point to fit experimental data is changing the way to perform the average on the scattering rates. We apply the model to bulk Si with different isotopic compositions obtaining an accurate fit. Then we calculate the thermal conductivity of Si thin films and nanowires by only introducing the effective size as additi…
Which physical parameters can be inferred from the emission variability of relativistic jets?
2005
We present results of a detailed numerical study and theoretical analysis of the dynamics of internal shocks in relativistic jets and the non-thermal flares associated with these shocks. In our model internal shocks result from collisions of density inhomogeneities (shells) in relativistic jet flows. We find that the merged shell resulting from the inelastic collision of shells has a complicated internal structure due to the non-linear dynamics of the interaction. Furthermore, the instantaneous efficiency for converting kinetic energy into thermal energy is found to be almost twice as high as theoretically expected during the period of significant emission. The Lorentz factors of the intern…
Investigating marine shallow waters dynamics to explore the role of turbidity on ecological responses
2009
The ecological tangible effect of the complex interaction between sediments and water column in shallow waters is represented by turbidity which is a common feature of most aquatic ecosystems: it varies both temporally and spatially; it can cover a huge area and persist for a long period or it can be very localized and temporary. Among many factors able to generate turbidity, wind generated wave action and water mass movements due to tides seem important in causing resuspension of sediments. Although there is much research spent in last decades on this topic and many models to explain the complexity of the wind-water-sediment interaction, some interactive aspects are too site specific and t…